2018年英语全国卷一试卷及答案详细解析，2018年高考英语试卷 全国卷I答案及解析

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统考

英语

第一部分听力(共2个，满分30分

做题时，先把答案填在试卷上。 录音内容结束后，两分钟将试卷的回答过帐到答题卡上。

第一节(共五小题； 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

请听以下五个对话。 每个对话之后都有一个小问题。 从给定问题的a、b、c三个选项中选择最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间回答问题或阅读下一个问题。 每个对话只读一次。

例如： How much is the shirt？

a.19.15.b.9.18.c.9.15。

答案是c。

1. What will James do tomorrow？

a.watchatvprogram.b.give atalk.c.writeareport。

2. What can we say about the woman？

a.she’sgenerous.b.she’s curious.c.she’s helpful。

3. When does the train leave？

A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30

4. How does the woman go to work？

A. By car B. On foot C. By bike。

5.whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？

a.classmates.b.teacherandstudent.c.doctorandpatient。

第二节(共15小题每小题1.5分。 22.5分满分)

请听以下5个对话或独白。 每个对话或独白后都有几个小题。 从题目中给出的a、b、c三个选项中选择最佳选项。 在听每个对话或独白之前，你有时间读每个小题。 每道小题5秒。 听完后，每个小题给5秒钟的回答时间。 每个对话或独白读两次。

听第6段资料，回答第六、七题

6. What does the woman regret？

A. Giving up her research .

B. Dropping out of college .

C. Changing her major .

7.whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow？

a.ecology.b.education.c.chemistry

听第7段资料，回答第8、9题。

8. What is the mam？

a.ahotelmanager.b.atourguide.c.ataxidriver。

9. What is the man doing for the woman？

A. Looking for some local foods .

B. Showing her around the seaside。

c.offeringinformationaboutahotel。

听第8段资料，回答第10~12题。

10.wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace？

a.inan office.b.at home.c.ATA restaurant。

11.whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening？

a.gotoaconcert.b.visita friend.c.workextrahours。

12. Who is Alice going to call？

A. Mike. B. Joan C. Catherine。

听第9段资料，回答第13~16题。

13. Why does the woman meet the man？

A. To look at an apartment

B. To deliver some furniture。

C. To have a meal together .

14.whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet？

a.its color.b.its design.c.its quality。

15.whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen？

a.it’sagoodsize.b.it’snewlypainted.c.it’sadequatelyequipped。

16.whatwillthewomanprobablydonext？

a.go downtown.b.talkwithherfriend.c.make payment。

听第10段资料，回答第17~20题。

17.whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto？

a.moviefans.b.news reporters.c.collegestudents。

18.whendidthespeakertakeenglishclasses？

A. Before he left his hometown .

B. After he came to America .

C. When he was 15 years old .

19.howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher？

a.he’s proud.b.he’ssympathetic.c.he’sgrateful。

20.whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout？

A. How education shaped his life。

b.how his语言skills improved .

C. How he managed his business well。

第二部分读解(共2个，满分40分) )。

第一节(共十五小题； 每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读以下短文，从各问题所给出的a、b、c、d 4个选项中选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将其项目涂黑。

A

Washington，D.C. Bicycle Tours

cherryblossombiketourinwashington，D.C。

Duration: 3 hours

thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofwashington， d.c.yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.reserveyourspotbeforeavailabilabililiom

whingtoncapitalmonumentsbicycletour

duration:3hours(4miles ) )。

joinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinwashington，d.c.explorethemonumentsandmemorialsonthenationationalmalmalmalmintion

capitalcitybiketourinwashington，D.C。

Duration: 3 hours

Morning or Afternoon，thisbiketouristheperfecttourford.c.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperiencewashington， d.c.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwithemostinterestingstoriesaboutpresidents，conts conthemostinterestingstories memorials，and parks.comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute (课程) makecyclingbetwenthesitesfunantesfunand

whingtoncapitalsitesatnightbicycletour

duration:3hours(7miles ) )。

joinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofwashington、 d.c.getupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofcapitalhillandthenationalmall.frequentstopsaremadeforphototakake tsandhistory.tourincludesbike，helmet，andbottledwater.allridersareequippedwithreflectivevests

21.whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance？

a.cherryblossombiketourinwashington，D.C。

b.washingtoncapitalmonumentsbicycletour。

c.capitalcitybiketourinwashington，D.C。

d.washingtoncapitalsitesatnightbiketour。

22.whatwillyoudoonthecapitalcitybiketour？

a.meetfamouspeople.b.gotoanationalpark。

c.visit well-known museums.d.enjoyinterestingstories。

23.whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide？

A. City maps. B. Cameras。

C. Meals. D. Safety lights。

b ) b

good morning Britain’ssusannareidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning，butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showing

In Save Money: Good Food，shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththelpofchefmattebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste， whileprepreparingrecipesforunder5perfamilyaday.andthegoodmorningbritainpresentersaysshe \’ sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe \’ s learnt preparing meals for sons，Sam，I4，Finn，13. and Jack，11

We love Mexican churros，soibuythemonmyphonefrommylocalmexicantakeawayrestaurant，\’ she explains，\” I pay 5 is for a portion \”， but Matt makes them for 26p a portion，because they are flour，water，sugarandoil.everybodycanbuytakeawayfood.butsometimeswe \’ re

The eight-part series，Save Money: Good Food，followsinthefootstepsofitv \’ ssavemoney:good health，whichgavewersadviceoney

withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense，susannaandmattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.in tonight’seasterspecial， theycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweeekendofcelebrationwition

24.whatdoweknowaboutsusannareid？

a.sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.b.shehasstartedanewprogramme。

c.shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.d.shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily。

25.howdoesmattebbutthelpsusanna？

a.hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.b.hepreparesfoodforherkids。

c.heassistsherincookingmatters.d.heinvitesguestfamiliesforher。

26.whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph 4？

a.summarizethepreviousparagraphs.b.providesomeadviceforthereaders。

c.addsomebackgroundinformation.d.introduceanewtopicforthediscussion。

27.whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？

a.keepingfitbyeatingsmartb.balancingourdailydiet

c.makingyourselfaperfectchefd.cookingwellforless

c ) c

语言shavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears、 butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.whentheworldwassillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers， small tightly knit (联系人) groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.somelanguageeexpertsbelievethat 100000ye otenmillionpeople，theyspokeperhaps 1200 languagesbetweenthem。

Soon afterwards，manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers，andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinumber. 工业初始化，thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation， especiallyglobalizationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades，allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear，andominantlanguaguaguage

At present，theworldhasabout 6800 languages.thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaveshaveshaveshavestmildzoneshoneshaveshavesthaveshonest often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.europehasonlyaround 200 languages； the Americas about 1000； Africa 2400； andasiaandthepacificperhaps 3200，ofwhichpapuanewguineaaloneaccountsforwellover 800.themediannumber (中值) of speakers is a mere 600

alreadywellover 400 ofthetotalof 6，800语言sareclosetoextinction，withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.pick，at random， busumincameroon ( eightremainingspeaker )、chiapanecoinmexico 150、lipanapacheintheunitedstates ( twoorthree ) orwadjiguing

28.whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherer times？

a.theydevelopedveryfast.b.theywerelargeinnumber。

c.theyhadsimilarpatterns.d.theywerecloselyconnected。

29.whichofthefollowingbestexplains \” dominant \” underlinedinparagraph 2？

A. Complex. B. Advanced .

C. Powerful. D. Modern。

30.howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan 6000 peopleatpresent？

A. About 6800 B. About 3400

C. About 2400 D. About 1200

31. What is the main idea of the text？

a .新语言will be created .

b.people’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages。

c.humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages .

d.geographydetermineslanguageevolution。

d

wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew， butanewstudyshowsthatweepusingourolddeviceswellaftertheygooutofstyle.that’sbadnewsfortheenvironmentandourwallletsasas

tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing.calliebabbittandhercolleaguesattherochesterinstituteoftechnologyinewyorktracked productthroughoutitslifefromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.thismethodprovider readoutforhowhomenergyusergyusice s.devicesweregroupedbygeneration.desktopcomputers，basic mobile phones andbox-settvsdefined 1992.digitalcamerasarrivedonted

As we accumulated more devices，however，we didn \’ tthrowoutoldones .“the living-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthe youhaveatvineveryroomofthehouse、 “saidoneresearcher.theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin 1992 to 13 in 2007.we’renotjustkeepingthese ordingtotheanalysisofbabbitt’steam， olddesktopmonitorsandboxtvswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswitheirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasegasemissssisision

So what\’s the solution？ The team\’s date only went up to 2007， uttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction、 suchasatabletforwordprocessingandtvviewing.theyfoundthatmoreondemandenvironmentviewingontabletsinsteadoftvsandesktopcomputed

32.whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices？

a.they are environment-friendly.b.theyarenobetterthantheold。

c.theycostmoretouseathome.d.theygooutofstylequickly。

33.whydidbabbitt \’ steamconducttheresearch？

a.toreducethecostofminerals.b.totestthelifecycleofaproduct。

c.toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.d.tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices。

34.whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy？

A. The box-set TV. B. The tablet .

c.thel cdtv.d.the desktop computer。

35.whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices？

a.stopusingthem.b.takethemapart。

C. Upgrade them. D. Recycle them。

第二节(共五小题； 每小题2分，10分满分)

根据短文的内容，从短文后的选项中选择能填写空白的最佳选项。 选项中有两个选择。

colorisfundamentalinhomedesignsomething you’llalwayshaveineveryroom.agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirstheffirststststststsson 专业？ orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday？ 36、coloristhekeytomakearoomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel。

Over the years，therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37， theycangetalittlecomplex.butgoodnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneeedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:the SME SME

38.they’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows、 mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususedtoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingaco smallcolorchoicesbringwithemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable。

mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofa，dinnertablesorbookshelves.39.theyrequireabiggercommmitmenttthansmanttttthansmansmansmalesmethofa

thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls，ceilings，and floors.whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint，the time

A. While all of them are useful

b.whatever you’re looking for

c.if you’reexperimentingwithacolor

d.smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwith

e.it’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces

F. So it pays to be sure，becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime

g.colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways

第三部分语言知识运用(共有两个，满分为45分) ) ) ) ) )。

第一节完型填空(共20小题； 每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面的短文，从短文后各问题所给出的a、b、c、d这4个选项中，选出可以填写空白的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将其项目涂黑。

duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege、iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga \” free \” course、called Thinking Chess、 forthreecredits.I _ 41 _ _ theideaoftakingtheclassbecause，after all，who doesn’twan tto _ _ 42 _ _ afewdolling mous evenifiweren’t _ 43 _ _ enoughaboutfreecredits，ewsaboutour _ 44 _ _ wasappealingenoughtome.hewasaninternationationalgralgration

Maurice Ashley was kind and smart，aformergraduatereturningtoteach， and this _ 48 _ _ wasnogameforhim:hemeantbusiness.in Hema deit _ 49 _ _ thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.in order to wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto _ _ 51 _ _ whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand _ _ 52 _ to our lives.imme

tenyearsaftermychessclasswithashley、 I’mstillputtingtousewhathe _ 55 _ _ me :“theabsolutemostimportant _ 56 _ _ thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowto”ysisto process what your opponent (对手) isdoingand _ 59 _ _ thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.\” thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmodayinmodmodetonttond

41.a.putforwardb.jumped ATC.triedoutd.turned down

42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay

43.a.excitedb.worriedc.movedd.tired

44.a.titleb.competitor c.textbook d.instructor

45.a.urgedb.demandedc.heldd.meant

46.a.fastestb.easiestc.best d.rarest

47.a.interview b.meetc.challenged.beat

48.a.chanceb.qualification c.honord.job

49.a.realb.perfectc.cleard.possible

50.a.attendb.passc.skipd.observe

51.a.addb.exposec.applyd.com pare

52.a.eventually b.naturally c.directly d.normally

53.a.gameb.presentation c.coursed.experiment

54.a.criterionb.classroom c.department d.situation

55.a.taughtb.wrotec.questioned d.promised

56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill

57.a.gradesb.decisionsc.impressionsd.com ments

58.a.analyzeb.describe c.rebuildd.control

59.a.announce b.signalc.blockd.evaluate

60.a.roleb.desirec.concernd.behavior

第二节(共每10小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读以下短文，在空白处填写一个合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

accordingtoarewofevidenceinamedicaljournal、 runnerslivethreeyears61(long ) than non-runners.youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong 62 ( see ) the benefit. You may drink，smon

whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever，thereviewsaysit64(be ) moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife 65 walking， cyclingorswimming.twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin 201466 showedamerefiveto 10 minutesadayofrunningreduced thed

thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.but otherwise…it’sprobablyrunning.toavoidkneepain，you can run on soft surft surfaces， oexercisesto68(strength ) your leg muscles )、avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.runningischeap、easy and it’s always 69 ( ened ) youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports，soperhapports

第四部分的填写(一共2个，满分35分) )。

第一节短文错误(共10小题； 每小题l分，满分10分)

如果英语课上老师要求在同一张桌子之间修改作文，请修改在同一张桌子上写的以下作文。 文章共有10处语言错误，每篇文章最多有2处。 每个错误只包括添加、删除或修改一个单词。

添加：在缺词处加上脱字符号( )，在下面写下应该添加的词。

删除：用斜线()删除多余的词语。

修改：在错误的词下画一条横线，在该词下写下修改后的词。

注意：

1 .所有错误及其修正限于一语；

2 .只允许修改10处，多数人(从第11处开始)不评分。

During my last winter holiday，iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisit

my grandparents.ifindabigchangethere.thefirsttimeiwentthere，they were

living in a small house with dogs，ducks，andanotheranimals.last winter when

I went here again，theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicken.they

alsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.mygrandpasaidlastsummer

theyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.atth

e

end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.

第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)

假如你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗，请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1. 到达时间

2. 合适的礼物

3. 餐桌礼仪

注意：1. 词数100左右

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。