2020考研英语(二)真题及答案详解(完整版)，2020年考研英语二真题答案及解析(完整版)

文都教育给大家带来了2020年应试英语的真题。 大家可能会用2020年高考英语真题作文，凭直觉判断自己的发挥！ 编辑建议大家不要这样做。 那么，就来看看2020研究生英语真题和解析完整版吧。

Section I Use of English

Directions :

readthefollowingtext.choosethebestword ( s ) for each numbered blank and mark A，b，cordontheanswersheet.(10points ) )。

Being a good parent is，of course，whateveryparentwouldliketobe.butdefiningwhatitmeanstobeagoodparentisundoubtedlyvery 1， particularlysincechildrenresponddifferentlytothesamestyleofparenting.a calm，rule-followingchildmightrespondbetterttoadifffereting

3、there’sanothersortofparentthatsabiteasierto4: apatientparent.childrenofeveryagebenefitfrompatientparenting.still thisisnoeasy6. sometimesparentsgetexhaustedandfrustratedandareunabletomaintaina7andcomposeedandareunabletomaintaina7and

you’reonlyhuman， andsometimesyourkidscan8youjustalittletoofar.and then the9 happens:youloseyourpatienceandeitherscreamatyourkidsorsaysomethin gin dyanygood.youwishthatyoucould 11 theclockandstartover，we’veallbeenthere :

12、even though it’s common， it’simportanttokeepinmindthatinasinglemomentoffatigue.youcansaysomethingtoyourchildthatyoumay 13 for along time.thismaynoto

ifyouconsistentlyloseyour 15 with your kids.thenyouareinadvertentlymodelingalackofemotionalcontrolforyourkids.wearealllbecoming ingtoleranceandpatiencefortheyoungergeneration.thisisaskillthatwillhelpthemallthroughoutlife.iii CT， theabilitytoemotionallyregulateormaintainemotionalcontrolwhen 17 bystressisoneofthemostimportantofalllife’s skills

Certainly，it’sincredibly 18 tomaintainpatienceatalltimeswithyourchildren.amorepracticalgoalistotry， tothebestofyourabilities tobeastolerantandcomposedasyoucanwhenfacedwith 19 situationsinvolvingyourchildren.icanpromiseyouthis : gthis goal.youandyourchildrenwillbenefitand 20 fromstressfulmomentsfeelingbetterphysicallyandemotionally。

1.[ a ] tedious [ b ] pleasant [ c ] instructive [ d ] tricky答复： d

2.[ a ] in addition [ b ] for example [ c ] at once [ d ] by accident答复： b

3.[ a ] fortunately [ b ] occasionally [ c ] accordingly [ d ] eventually答复： a

4.[ a ] amuse [ b ] assist [ c ] describe [ d ] train答复： c

5.[ a ] while [ b ] because [ c ] unless [ d ] once解答： a

6.[ a ] answer [ b ] task [ c ] choice [ d ] access答复： b

7.[ a ] tolerant [ b ] formal [ c ] rigid [ d ] critical解答： a

8. [A] move [B] drag [C] push [D] send答复： c

9.[ a ] mysterious [ b ] illogical [ c ] suspicious [ d ] inevitable答复： d

10.[ a ] boring [ b ] naive [ c ] harsh [ d ] vague解答： c

11.[ a ] turn back [ b ] take apart [ c ] set aside [ d ] cover up答复： a

12.[ a ] overall [ b ] instead [ c ] however [ d ] otherwise答复： c

13.[ a ] like [ b ] miss [ c ] believe [ d ] regret解答： d

14.[ a ] raise [ b ] affect [ c ] justify [ d ] reflect答复： b

15.[ a ] time [ b ] bond [ c ] race [ d ] cool解答： d

16.[ a ] nature [ b ] secret [ c ] importance [ d ] context答复： c

17.[ a ] cheated [ b ] defeated [ c ] confused [ d ] confronted答复： d

18.[ a ] terrible [ b ] hard [ c ] strange [ d ] wrong答复： b

19.[ a ] trying [ b ] changing [ c ] exciting [ d ] surprising回答： b

20.[ a ] hide [ b ] emerge [ c ] withdraw [ d ] escape答复： b

section ii读我公司

部件a

Directions :

readthefollowingfourtexts.answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosinga，b，cord.markyouranswersontheanswersheet.(

文本1

ratsandotheranimalsneedtobehighlyattunedtosocialsignalsfromotherssothatcanidentifyfriendstocooperatewithandemiestoavoid.to livingbeings，lolehquinnattheuniversityofcalifornia，San Diego，andhercolleaguestedwhetherrather

theyhousedeightadultratswithtwotypesofroboticrat—onesocialandoneasocial—for5our days.therobotsratswerequiteminimalist， resemblingachunkierversionofacomputermousewithwheels-tomovearoundandcolorfulmarkings。

During the experiment，thesocialrobotratfollowedthelivingratsaround，played with the same toys，andopenedcagedddooorstolettrapppedratind theasocialrobotsimplymovedforwardsandbackwardsandsidetoside

Next，theresearcherstrappedtherobotsincagesandgavetheratstheopportunitytoreleasethembypressingalever。

across 18三角剖分， thelivingratswere 52 percentmorelikelyonaveragetosetthesocialrobotfreethantheasocialone.thissugeststhattheratsperceivedtheso co eing.theymayhavebondedmorewiththesocialrobotbecauseitdisplayedbehaviourslikecommunalexploringandplayling.thiscouldlleadtong ngfreeditearlier，andwantingtherobottoreturnthefavourwhentheygettrapped，Sayy

thereadinessoftheratstobefriendthesocialrobotwassurprisinggivenitsminimaldesign.therobotwasthesamesizeasaregularratbutbutresemb ls .“we’dassumedwe’dhavetogiveitamovingheadandtail，facial features，andputasceneonittomakeitsmelllikearealrat，butthatttttthattttttte

thefindingshowsensitiveratsaretosocialcues，evenwhentheycomefrombasicrobots.similarly，childrentendtreatreatrobobotsasifthasiftttthed evenwhentheydisplayonlysimplesocialsignals .“wehumansseemtobefascinatedbyrobots，anditturnsoutotheranimalsaretoo，”sayswimaretoo

21.quinnandhercolleaguesconductedatesttoseeifratscana。

[ a ] pickupsocialsignalsfromnon-living rats

[ b ] distinguishafriendlyratfromahostileone

[ c ] attainsociabletraitsthroughspecialtraining

[ d ] sendoutwarmingmessagestotheirfellow

22.whatdidthesocialrobotdoduringtheexperiment？ c ) c

[A] It followed the social robot。

[B] It played with some toys。

[C] It set the trapped Tats free。

[D]It moved around alone。

23. According to Quinn，theratsreleasedthesocialrobotbecausetheyb。

[ a ] triedtopracticeameansofescape

[ b ] expectedittodothesameinreturn

[ c ] wantedtodisplaytheirintelligence

[ d ] consideredthataninterestinggame

24. James Wiles notes that rats C .

[ a ] canrememberotherrat’sfacialfeatures

[ b ] differentiatesmellsbetterthansizes

[ c ] respondmoretocationsthantolooks

[ d ] canbescaredbyaplasticboxonwheels

25.itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatratsd。

[ a ] appeartobeadaptabletonewsurroundings

) b ) aremoresociallyactivethanotheranimals

[ c ] behavedifferentlyfromchildreninsocializing

[ d ] aremoresensitivetosocialcuesthanexpected

文本2

itisfashionabletodaytobashbigbusiness.andthereisoneissueonwhichthemanycriticsagree:CEO pay.wehearthatceosarepaidtomuch (英文版) orthattheyrigothers’pay，orthattheirpayisinsufficientlyrelatedtopositiveoutcomes.butthemorelikelytruthisceopayislargelycargelycatcatcames

itistruethatceopayhasgoneup—toponesmaymake 300 timesthepayoftypicalworkersonaverage，and since the mid-1970s， ceopayforlargepubliclytradedamericancorporationshas，by varying estimates，goneupbyabout 500 %.thetypicalceofatopamerican

wileindividualcasesofoverpaymentdefinitelyexist，in general，thedeterminantsofceopayarenotsomysteriousandnotsomiredincoruption overallceocompensationforthetopcompaniesrisesprettymuch.inlockstepwithevalueofthosecompaniesonthestockmarket。

thebestmodelforunderstandingthegrowthofceopay，though， isthatoflimitedceotalentinaworldwherebusinessopportunitiesforthetopfirmsaregrowingrapidly.theeffortsofamerica’s highest-ee ynamicelementsoftheglobaleconomy.it’snotpopulartosay，utonereasontheirpayhasgoneupsomuchisthatceosreallyhaveuppedtheirgamam

today’sceo，at least for major American firms， musthavemanymoreskillsthansimplybeingableto“runthecompany .”ceosmusthaveagoodsenseoffinancialmarketsandmaybevenhowthecompomppato soneedbetterpublicrelationsskillsthantheirpredecessors、 asthecostsofevenaminorslipupcanbesignificant.then there’sthefactthatlargeamericancompaniesaremuchmoreglobalizedthaneverbefofore ossalargernumberofcountries.toleadinthatsystemrequiresknowledgethatisfairlymind-boggling。

thereisyetanothertrend:virtuallyallmajoramericancompaniesarebecomingtechcompanies，onewayoranother.anagribusinessscompany fompany mayfocusonrdinhighlyit-intensiveareassuchasgenomesequencing.similarly，itishardtodoagoodjobrunningthewaltdisneycompanyjusyjusing youalsoneedtobuildafirmcapableofcreatingsignificantcgiproductsforanimatedmoviesatthehighestlevelsoftechnicalstionationanandwon

On top of all of this，majorceosstillhavetodothejobtheyhavealwaysdone—whichincludesmotivatingemployees，serving as an internal role helpingtodefineandextendacorporateculture，understandingtheinternalaccounting， andpresentingbudgetsandbusinessplanstotheboard.goodceosaresomeoftheworld’smostpotentcreatorsandhavesomeoftheverydepeststskid

26.whichofthefollowinghascontributedtoceopayrise？ c ) c

a.thegrowthinthenumberofcooperations

b.thegeneralpayrisewithabettereconomy

c.increasedbusinessopportunitiesfortopfirms

d.closecooperationamongleadingeconomics

27.comparedwiththeirpredecessors，today’sceosarerequiredto _ d _。

a.fosterastrongersenseofteamwork

b.financemoreresearchanddevelopment

c.establishclosertieswithtechcompanies

d.operatemoreglobalizedcompanies

28.ceopayhasbeenrisingsincethe 1970 s despite _ b _。

A. continual internal opposition

B. strict corporate governance

c.conservativebusinessstrategies

D. repeated governance warnings

29.highceopaycanbejustifiedbythefactthatithelps _ d _。

A. confirm the status of CEOs

B. motive inside candidates

C. boost the efficiency of CEOs

D. increase corporate value

30.themostsuitabletitleforthistextwouldbe _ a _。

A. CEOs Are Not Overpaid

B. CEO Pay: Past and Present

c.CEOs’challengesoftoday

D. CEO Traits: Not Easy to Define

文本3

madridwashailedasapublichealthbeaconlastnovemberwhenitrolledoutambitiousrestrictionsonthemostpollutingcars.sevenmonthsandone anewconservativecitycouncilsuspendedenforcementofthecleanairzone，afirststeptowarditspossibledemise。

mayorjoseluismartnez-almeidamadeoppositiontothezoneacentrepieceofhiselectioncampaign， despiteitssuccessinimprovingairquality.ajudgehasnowoverruledthecity \’ sdecisiontostoplevyingfines，orderingthemreinstated .

Among other weaknesses，themeasurescitiesmustemploywhenlefttotackledirtyairontheirownarepoliticallycontentious， andthereforevulnerable.that’sbecausetheyinevitablyputthecostsofcleaningtheairontoindividualdrivers—whomustpayfesorbuybers 制造成本管理系统。

it’snothardtoimagineasimilarreversalhappeninginlondon.the new ultra-lowemissionzone ( ulez ) ) ) ) ) ection.andifsadiqkhanwinsandextendsittothenorthandsouthcircularroadsin 2021 Ashe intends，itissuretosparkintenseoppositionfromom

it \’ snotthatmeasuressuchaslondon \’ sulezareuseless.farfromit.localofficialsareusingtheleversthatareavailabletothemtosafege us threat.thezonesdodeliversomeimprovementstoairquality，andthesciencetellsusthatmeansrealhealthbenefits-fewerheartatattttttttacks

butmayorsandcouncilorscanonlydosomuchaboutaproblemthatisfarbiggerthananyonecityortown.theyareactingbecausenationalgovernment

restrictionsthatkeephighlypollutingcarsoutofcertainareas—city centres，“school streets”， evenindividualroads-arearesponsetotheabsenceofalargerefforttoproperlyenforceexistingregulationsandrequireautocompaniestobrinestobrinstingestioretinstioled ance.waleshasintroducedspeciallowspeedlimitstominimisepollution.weredoingeverythingbutinsistthatmanufer

31.whichofthefollowingistrueaboutmadrid’scleanairzone？ d

[A] Its effects are questionable

[B] It has been opposed by a judge

[C] It needs tougher enforcement

[D] Its fate is yet to be decided

32.whichisconsideredaweaknessofthecity-levelmeasurestotackledirtyair？ d

[ a ] theyarebiasedagainstcarmanufacturers。

[ b ] theyproveimpracticalforcitycouncils。

[ c ] theyaredeemedtoomildforpoliticians。

[ d ] theyputtoomuchburdenonindividualmotorists。

33.theauthorbelievesthattheextensionoflondon’sulezwill.a

[ a ]资产字符串响应。

[ b ] ensure Khan’selectoralsuccess。

[ c ] improve the city’s traffic。

[ d ]分发卡制造。

34.whodoestheauthorthinkshouldhaveaddressedtheproblem？ d

[ a ]本地结果

[B] Mayors .

[C] Councilors .

[ d ]国家地理空间。

35.itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatautocompanies.b

[ a ] willraiselow -加密产品

[ b ] shouldbeforcedtofollowregulations

[ c ] willupgradethedesignoftheirvehicles

[ d ] shouldbeputunderpublicsupervision

文本4

nowthatmembersofgenerationzaregraduatingcollegethisspring-the most commonly-accepteddefinitionsaysthisgenerationwasbornafter sbeenrisingsteadilyinrecentweeks.genzsareabouttohitthestreetslookingforworkinalabormarketthaaarket’stighterthanitsbeeeenindecece onhiringabout 17 percentmorenewgraduatesforjobsintheu.s.this year than accordingtoasurveyconductedbythenationalassociationofcolon antstoknowhowthepeoplewhowillsooninhabit oseemptyofficecubicleswilldifferfromthosewhocamebeforethem。

if“entitled”isthemostcommonadjective，fairly or not，appliedtomillennials ( thosebornbetween 1981 and 1995 )， thecatchwordsforgenerationzarepracticalandcautious.accordingtothecareercounselorsandexpertswhostudythem，generation zs are cleclem economic pragmatists.despitegraduatingintothebesteconomyinthepast 50 years、 genzsknowwhataneconomictrainwrecklookslike.theywereimpressionablekidsduringthecrashof 2008、 whenmanyoftheirparentslosttheirjobsortheirlifesavingsorboth.theyaren’tinterestedintakinganychances.theboomingeconomyseeee isunderlyinggenerationalsenseofanxiousurgency，especiallyforthosewhohavecollegedebt.collegeloanbalancesintheu.s.nowstanstan

onesurveyfromaccenturefoundthat 88 percentofgraduatingseniorsthisyearchosetheirmajorwithajobinmind.ina 2019 surveyofuniversityof meanwhile，thecareerofficefoundthemostdesirabletraitinafutureemployerwastheabilitytooffersecureemployment ( and training )， and then inspiring purpose ).jobsecurityorstabilitywasthesecondmostimportantcareergoal ( work-lifebalancewasnummal folllowedbyal )

36.generationzsgraduatingcollegethisspring _ _ d _ _ _。

[ a ] arerecognizedfortheirabilities

[B] are in favor of job offers

[ c ] areoptimisticaboutthelabormarket

[ d ] aredrawinggrowingpublicattention

37.generationzsarekeenlyaware _ _ _ _ a _ _ _。

[ a ] whatatougheconomicsituationislike

[ b ] whattheirparentsexpectofthem

[ c ] howtheydifferfrompastgenerations

[ d ] howvaluableacounselor’sadviceis

38.the word“assuage”( line 9，para 2) is closet in meaning to _ _ b _ _ _。

[A] define

[B] relieve

[C] maintain

[D] deepen

39.itcanbelearnedfromparagraph3thatgenerationzs _ _ d _ _ _ _。

[ a ] carelittleabouttheirjobperformance

[ b ] givetopprioritytoprofessionaltraining

[ c ] thinkithardtoachievework-life balance

[ d ] haveaclearideaabouttheirfuturejob

40.michelsenthinksthatcomparedwithmillennials，generation zs are _ _ b _ _ _。

[ a ]线性关系

[B] less adventurous

[ c ]移动数字

[D] more generous

部件b

Directions :

readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelista-gforeachnumberedparagraphs ( 41-41 ) whichyoudonotneedtouse.markyouranswersontheanswersheet.( 10 points )

[A] Give compliments，just not too many .

[B] Put on a good face，always。

[C] Tailor your interactions .

[D] Spend time with everyone。

[E] Reveal，don’thideinformation。

[F] Slow down and listen .

[ g ] putyourselvesinothers’shoes。

fivewaystowinovereveryoneintheoffice

isitpossibletolikeeveryoneinyouroffice？ thinkabouthowtoughitistogettogether 15 people，much less 50，whoallgetalongperfectly.butunlikeinfriendships， youneed coworkers.youworkwiththemeverydayandyoudependonthemjustastheydependonyou.herearesomewaysthatyoucangetthewholeoffice

41.[E] Reveal，don’thideinformation。

ifyouhaveabonetopickwithsomeoneinyourworkplace、 youmaytrystaytight-lippedaroundthem.but you won’tbehelpingeitheroneofyou.aharvardbusinessschoolstudyfoundthatobserverscorscoound

while those who hid lost trustworthiness. The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them, you should just be honest.

42.[F] Slow down and listen.

Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others. We often feel the need to tell others how we feel, whether it’s a concern about a project, a stray thought, or a compliment. Those are all valid, but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers, too. In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don’t value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine, back-and-forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.

43.[D] Spend time with everyone.

It’s common to have a “cubicle mate” or special confidant in a work setting. But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don’t always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to grow your internal network, in addition to being a nice break in the work day.

44.[A] Give compliments, just not too many.

Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you don’t have to be someone’s boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project. This will help engender good will in others. But don’t overdo it or be fake about it. One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive, possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.

45.[C] Tailor your interactions.

This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off, but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while other are more straightforward. Jokes that work one person won’t necessarily land with another. So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the person that you’re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.

Section III Translation

Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

It’s almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they\’re not really living at all. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it\’s entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.

We can choose to see failure as “the end of the world,” or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something. we can choose to look for the lesson we’re meant to learn. These lessons are very important, they’re how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.

Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.

【参考译文】

人的一生总要经历一些失败。有些人生活极其小心翼翼以至于他们哪儿也没去过。简言之，他们根本没生活过。但是，失败的美妙之处在于，这完全取决于我们看待它的方式。

我们可以选择视失败为“世界末日”，或仅是我们能力不足的证明，亦或可以将其看作学习经验，尽管有点让人难以置信。每次的失败，我们都能选择把它看作本要掌握的经验。这些经验十分重要，它们关乎我们如何成长以及如何避免再次犯错。只有我们允许失败阻拦我们时，它才会阻止我们前行。

失败也让我们更加了解自己，而这些是我们之前从未意识到的。例如，失败让我们发现自己是多么强大，失败也能帮你发现真正的朋友，或者帮你发现通往成功的出乎意料的动力。

Section IV Writing

Part A

46. Directions:

Suppose you are planning a tour of a historical site for a group of international students. Write an email to

1) tell them about the site, and

2) give them some tips for the tour

Please write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.

Do not use your own name, use “Li Ming”instead. (10 points)

【小作文】

【参考范文】

Dear friends,

As a member of the Students Union, I am writing this letter to inform you that we are going to visit the Forbidden City next week.

As you know, the Forbidden City, which is also known as the Palace Museum, embodies this nations profound and diversified ancient culture with its magnificent architecture and precious treasures. During this trip, it is advisable to pay closer attention to the tourist introduction of each site,which includes its origin, cultural background as well as translation in multiple languages.

I hope that you will enjoy the journey. If you have any further question, please do not hesitate to reply.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

【参考范文译文】

亲爱的朋友，

作为学生会的成员之一，我写这封信是为了通知大家我们下周要去参观紫禁城。

众所周知，紫荆城，又名故宫博物馆，体现了我们国家深邃而多元的古代文化，在那里您可以欣赏壮丽的建筑及珍贵的宝藏。旅行期间，大家可以多多关注景点介绍，它会提供景点由来，文化背景以及不同语言的翻译。

我希望你们玩得愉快，如果还有疑问，请及时回复。

您真诚的，

李明

Part B

47.Directions:

Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should

1) interpret the chart, and

2) give your comments

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

【大作文】

【参考范文】

The above chart provides a series of impressive data regarding how college students using their smart phones To be concrete, the percentage of studying occupies 58 percent, ranking the first one in the graph, followed by referring to materials whose proportion reaches 28 percent, with having fun and other purposes accounting for 12 percent, and 2 percent respectively.

There is no denying in saying that in recent decades, the number of college students using their smart phone to study has been steadily and continuously increasing due to the fact that the advancement of modern society’s technology. Besides, it is not hard to understand that smart phone has become a necessary part in college student’s daily life, thus attracting an increasing number of students to enjoy themselves by their phone. Furthermore, with people’s living styles changing, students prefer to develop their social life on internet and find more useful information to satisfy their academic and life’s needs.

So what will be the possible tendency of the phenomenon reflected by the chart in the future? From my perspective, this established tendency is positive and acceptable. As a result, it is unnecessary for the public to regard it with apprehension.

【参考范文译文】

上面的图表提供了一系列令人印象深刻的数据，主要是关于大学生如何使用他们的智能手机，具体来说,学习的比例占58%，在图中排名第一，其次是查阅材料的比例达到28%,娱乐和其他目分别占12%和2%。

不可否认，近几十年由于现代社会技术的进步，大学生使用智能手机学习的数量一直在稳步增长。而且，智能手机已经成为大学生日常生活中必不可少的一部分，因此吸引了越来越多的学生使用手机。此外，随着人们生活方式的改变，学生更喜欢在网上发展他们的社交生活，找到更多有用的信息来满足他们的学术和生活需求。

那么，图表所反映的趋势在未来会是什么呢？在我看来，这种既定的趋势是积极和可以接受的。因此，公众没有必要担心它。

l